Год выпуска: 2010 Автор: Amir Perelberg Издательство: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing Страниц: 156 ISBN: 9783838302133
Описание
Why cooperate? The common approach emphasizes material gain, expressed in evolutionary biology as fitness. In psychology, it is expressed as maximization of the expected utility. This approach is usually demonstrated in experiments by using isolated anonymous individuals. But when social dimensions are restored, a bias-to- cooperate occurs: subjects cooperate more than expected from immediate material gains. This book offers an explanation to the bias based on two hypotheses: one, that there are two types of immediate reinforcements: emotional states linked to the social dimensions of cooperation, and material gains; and two, that the adaptive value is realized by strengthening social relationships between participants that eventually lead to fitness gains. These were tested by observing the behaviors of bottlenose dolphins at the Dolphin-Reef, Eilat. Additionally, a game-theoretical framework is drawn, that explains the link between psychological processes and...
